The first years
In the first years, the number of players on a team varied according to the number of the class and the size of the playground. In 1894, the teams began to play with five on one side when the game area was less than 1,800 square feet (167.2 square meters); The number has increased to seven when the gymnasium measured from 1,800 to 3,600 square feet (334.5 square meters) and up to nine when the game area has exceeded this. In 1895, the number was sometimes fixed at five by mutual consent; the rules stipulated Five players two years later, and this number has remained since.
Since Naismith and five of his original players were Canadians, it is not surprising that Canada was the first country outside the UNITED STATES To play the game. Basketball was introduced in France in 1893, in England in 1894, in Australia,, ChinaAnd India Shortly after, and in Japan in 1900.
While basketball has helped inflate YMCA support due to the availability of their gymnasiumsIn the five years, the game was prohibited by various associations because the gymnasiums which had been occupied by classes of 50 or 60 members were now monopolized by only 10 to 18 players. The banishment of the game induced Many members to put an end to their membership in YMCA and hire rooms to play the game, thus opening the way to the professionalization of sport.
Originally, the players wore one of the three styles of uniforms: the length of the knee soccer pants; Jersey tights, as commonly worn by wrestlers; Or short padded pants, pioneers of today’s uniforms, as well as knee guards. The courts were often irregular with occasional obstructions such as pillars, stairs or offices that interfered with the game. In 1903, it was judged that all the boundar lines were to be straight. In 1893 the Narragansett Machinery Co. Providence,, Rhode Islandsold an iron hoop with a hammock basket style. Originally a scale, then a post, and finally a chain fixed at the bottom of the net was used to recover a bullet after a goal was scored. The threads open below were adopted in 1912-2013. In 1895-1996, the points to make a basket (goal or basket) were reduced from three to two, and the points for having made a franc launch (out of question from a line in front of the basket after a fault) were reduced from three to one.
The baskets were frequently attached to balconies, which facilitates the spectators behind a basket to look at the railings and deflect the ball to promote one side and hinder the other; In 1895, the teams were invited to provide a screen of 4 per 6 feet (1.2 per 1.8 meters) in order to eliminate interference. Shortly after, in wood backboards turned out to be more suitable. The glass backboards were legalized by the professionals in 1908-2009 and by the colleges in 1909-2019. In 1920-1921, the backboards were moved by 2 feet (0.6 meters), and in 1939-1940 4 feet, in the end lines to reduce frequent alloys. Fan-shaped backboards were made legal in 1940-1941.
A football ball (football) was used during the first two years. In 1894, the first basketball was sold. It was laced, measured nearly 32 inches (81 cm), about 4 inches (10 cm) larger than the football ball, in circumference, and weighed less than 20 ounces (567 grams). In 1948-1949, when the molded ball without lace was formalized, the size had been fixed at around 30 inches (76 cm).
The first college to play the game was either Geneva College (Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania) or Iowa University. Co Bamis has heard of the new sport in Springfield and tried it with its students in Geneva in 1892. At Iowa, HF Kallenberg, who had assisted Springfield in 1890, Naismith wrote for a copy of the rules and also presented the game to his students. In Springfield, Kallenberg met Amos Alonzo Staggwho has become a sports director at the new Chicago University In 1892. The first college basketball match with five on one side was played between the University of Chicago and the Iowa University Iowa City On January 18, 1896. The University of Chicago won, 15-122, none of the two teams using a substitute. Kallenberg refereed this game – a common practice at that time – and some of the spectators opposed some of his decisions.
The colleges trained their own rules of rules in 1905 and, in 1913, there were at least five sets of rules: collegeUnion Sportive du YMCA – Amateur, those used by state militia groups and two varieties of professional rules. The teams have often agreed to play in another set for each half of a match. To establish a certain uniformity, the colleges, the amateur athletic union and the YMCA formed the committee of the joint rules in 1915. This group was renamed the The National Basketball Committee (NBC) of the United States and Canada in 1936 and until 1979 was the only organization for creating men’s amateur rules. This year, however, the colleges broke out to train their own rules and the same year National Federation of State High School Associations Likewise, assumed the task of establishing separate game rules for secondary schools. THE National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) The rules committee for men is a board of directors of 12 members representing the three divisions of the NCAA. It has six members of the schools of division I and three each of the divisions II and III. He has jurisdiction Above colleges, junior colleges, the National Association of Intercolllegial Athletics (NAIA) and Basketball of the Armed Forces. There is a similar body for women’s play.
